El impacto de la COVID-19 en los intérpretes médicos / mediadores culturales en Italia

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37536/FITISPos-IJ.2023.1.9.307

Palabras clave:

interpretación médica, covid-19, derecho a la asistencia sanitaria, Italia

Resumen

El objetivo de esta contribución, elaborada en el marco del proyecto Erasmus+ ReACTMe (Research
& Action and Training in Medical Interpreting), es evaluar el impacto de la COVID-19 en el acceso a los servicios de interpretación y mediación cultural sanitaria en Italia. Si bien existe una gran diferencia en la prestación de estos servicios en cada uno de los Estados miembro, el papel de los intérpretes y los mediadores culturales sanitarios es particularmente significativo a la hora de eliminar las barreras lingüísticas para promover la inclusión social y a la asistencia sanitaria. Italia fue uno de los primeros países de Europa en verse considerablemente afectado por la pandemia de la COVID-19 en febrero de 2020. Tan solo un mes más tarde, Italia entró en cuarentena, lo que causó que se cancelaran todas las consultas médicas no urgentes en un esfuerzo por evitar el colapso de las UCI. Se observó una situación similar durante las siguientes oleadas de la pandemia, cuando se prestaron servicios sanitarios limitados a los pacientes no afectados por el virus. ¿En qué medida se vieron afectados los servicios de interpretación y mediación cultural en el ámbito sanitario, y cómo ha repercutido esto en los pacientes que no hablan italiano? Esta contribución presenta los resultados obtenidos a través de una encuesta en línea enviada a intérpretes y mediadores culturales sanitarios de toda Italia entre noviembre de 2020 y enero de 2021. Los resultados revelan que la pandemia ha afectado negativamente la prestación de servicios de interpretación y mediación cultural sanitaria, ya que la comunicación a distancia solo compensa parcialmente la falta de apoyo lingüístico in situ y crea nuevos retos, tanto para los intérpretes y mediadores culturales como para los profesionales sanitarios.

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Biografía del autor/a

Eleonora Bernardi, University of Bologna

Eleonora BERNARDI is a former medical interpreter and ACI accredited conference interpreter with Italian, English, French, and Croatian. Former adjunct professor at the University of Bologna’s Department of Interpreting and Translation and at the University of Macerata’s Department of Modern Languages and Language Mediation, she is currently working on her Ph.D. project in Interpreting Studies focussing on interpreters in the war that led to the dissolution of Yugoslavia in the 90s at the University of Bologna, Department of Interpreting and Translation. Her research interests are interpreting in conflict zones, history of interpreting, and medical interpreting.

Francesca Gnani, Università degli Studi Internazionali di Roma, Italy

Francesca GNANI holds a Master’s degree in Conference Interpreting (Italian, English, German) and attended a post-graduation specialization course on the Communication of Science. She has been working as a conference interpreter (focusing on medicine, science and institutional matters) and translator for more than 15 years. She is Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Translation and Interpreting Studies of the Università degli studi internazionali di Roma. Additionally, she is Red Cross First Aid Instructor and a qualified member of AITI, Italian Translators' and Interpreters’ Association, where she is a member of the Regional Board.

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Publicado

2022-06-08