Aplicación de Estudios sobre el Lenguaje en Zonas de Conflicto. El Caso del Intérprete de Guerra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37536/FITISPos-IJ.2015.2.0.76Keywords:
Mediación, Interpretación, Código deontológico, Papel del intérprete, Conflictos. / Mediation, Interpreting, Code of ethics, Interpreter’s role, Conflicts.Abstract
Resumen:Esta investigación se basa en proyectos anteriores que se han encargado de proporcionar una guía para intérpretes humanitarios en zonas en conflicto. Mediante la selección de los elementos que están directamente relacionados con el lenguaje oral, se ha creado un nuevo modelo de análisis para poder decodificar los aspectos culturales, psicológicos, sociales y políticos dentro del contexto de guerra. Los elementos seleccionados se han extraído a partir de estudios de análisis crítico del discurso y de estudios de narratología. Están enfocados a analizar las elecciones lingüísticas y semánticas tomadas por los participantes. De esta manera, se ha elaborado una guía de buenas prácticas para proporcionar un modelo para ayudar a intérpretes a identificar los elementos lingüísticos relevantes. Los datos recogidos para la investigación empírica se han extraído mediante el análisis de documentos, informes y guías de buenas prácticas, además de entrevistas y encuestas con refugiados, militares e intérpretes que han sufrido las consecuencias de la guerra. El objetivo de las preguntas es identificar los malentendidos y confusiones que se producen durante la interpretación. Finalmente, como hemos dicho, se ha elaborado una guía de buenas prácticas que cubre los anteriores elementos, para ayudar a los intérpretes de guerra a desarrollar su labor de forma más precisa.
Abstract: This research is based on previous projects such as InZone or Red T that have provided a guide for humanitarian interpreters in conflict zones. Through the selection of the elements directly related with oral language, a new model of analysis is created in order to decode cultural, psychological, social and political background within the context of war. The selected elements have been obtained from the study of critical discourse analysis and narrative’s theories. The aim has been to analyze semantic and syntactic choices made by the interlocutors. Consequently, a best practice guide has been created in order to provide a model to help interpreters to identify relevant linguistic elements. Data for the empirical research has been collected through the analysis of documents, reports and best practices guides, and by conducting interviews and surveys with refugees, soldiers and interpreters that have suffered the consequences of war. The questions were intended to identify misunderstandings and misconceptions that take place during interpreting. Finally, above-mentioned, a best practice guide has been created that covers the previous elements, in order to help war interpreters to carry out the job in an accurate way.
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